Etudes menées à l'étranger

Eco-Psychology of Deliberate Self-Harm (DSH)

A Pilot Study from Rural West Bengal

A random, rapid survey of three rural hospitals of south 24 parganas district, West Bengal, revealed an alarmingly high frequency of morbidity and mortality from deliberate self-harm. Poisoning with organophosphorous pesticides were found to be the most common mode of suicidal behaviour. Both morbidity and mortality among the females outnumbered the males. Focus Group and In-depth Discussion with health staff and Panchayat personnel on this issue of deliberate self harm reveals a number of potential socio-familial stresses operating behind these selfharm attempts. Need for intensive psycho-social intervention in the community is discussed.

Clinical Diagnostic and Sociocultural Dimensions of Deliberate Self-Harm in Mumbai, India

Patients’ accounts complement psychiatric assessment of deliberate selfharm (DSH). In this study we examined psychiatric disorders, and sociocultural and cross-cultural features of DSH. SCID diagnostic interviews and a locally adapted EMIC interview were used to study 196 patients after DSH at a general hospital in Mumbai, India. Major depression was the most common diagnosis (38.8%), followed by substance use disorders (16.8%), but 44.4% of patients did not meet criteria for an enduring Axis-I disorder (no diagnosis, V-code, or adjustment disorder). Psychache arising from patient-identified sociocultural contexts and stressors complements, but does not necessarily fulfill, criteria for explanatory psychiatric disorders.

Pesticide poisoning in non-fatal deliberate self-harm:

A public health issue: Study from Sundarban delta, India

Non-fatal deliberate self-harm (DSH), particularly with pesticides, is a major public health problem in many developing countries of the world. Agriculture is the primary occupation of most people living in the Sundarban region in West Bengal, India. Pesicides are extensively used in agriculture, an these agents are most frequently used in DSH. This study aimed to identify the nature of methods and agents used in non-fatal DSH attempts in the Sundarban area under South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal.  

Pesticide practices and suicide among farmers of the Sundarban region in India

Deliberate self-poisoning by ingesting pesticides is a serious health problem among farmers, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Preventing these suicides is a priority for a public mental health agenda. 

Objective: To examine the role of pesticide poisoning in suicide and nonfatal deliberate self-harm, and clarify awareness of risks, safe practices concerning storage and use of pesticides, and associated self-injury, both unintentional and intentional, within farmer households of the Sundarban region, India.

Gender, Suicide, and the Sociocultural Context of Deliberate Self-Harm in an Urban General Hospital in Mumbai, India

Recognizing the complementary effects of social contexts and psychiatric disorders, this study clarifies the role of gender in suicidal behavior in urban Mumbai by considering psychiatric diagnoses and patient-identified sociocultural features. The cultural epidemiological approach suggests the critical impact of situational sociocultural factors that complement the customary psychopathological accounts for those who harm or kill themselves.

Explaining Suicide in an Urban Slum of Mumbai, India

A Sociocultural Autopsy

Health demographic mortality studies use verbal autopsies to identify suicide as a cause of death. Psychological autopsies focus almost exclusively on associated high-risk psychiatric disorders. New approaches considering contextual factors are needed for preventing suicide and promoting mental health. This study examined explanations of suicide reported by surviving family members or close friends with reference to social, cultural, and environmental conditions as well as the challenges of life in the Malavani slum of Mumbai.

Deliberate self-harm and suicide by pesticide ingestion in the Sundarban region, India

To examine the clinical epidemiology, including case fatality and determinants of self-harm in six island blocks of the Sundarban region of West Bengal, India. We examined the clinical records of 1277 patients admitted for deliberate self-harm (DSH) to the six island hospitals from 1999 to 2001.

Explaining suicide: Identifying common themes and diverse perspectives in an urban Mumbai slum

Rates, demographics and diagnostics, which are the focus of many studies of suicide, may provide an insufficient account without adequate consideration of psychological, social and cultural contexts and motives. Furthermore, reported explanations of suicide are shaped not only by events but also the relationship of survivor respondents explaining the suicide. An explanatory model interview for sociocultural autopsy has been used to assess underlying problems and perceived causes. This study in a low-income community of Mumbai in 2003-2004 compared accounts of the closest family survivors and more distant relationships.

Household Survey of Pesticide Practice, Deliberate Self-Harm, and Suicide in the Sundarban Region of West Bengal, India

The toxicological impact and intentional ingestion of pesticides are major public health concerns globally. This study aimed to estimate the extent of deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicides (suicidal behaviour) and document pesticide practices in Namkhana block of the Sundarban region, India. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1680 households (21 villages) following a mixed randomand cluster design sampling.